Zooplankton Taxa, Abundance and Biomass Data; Ishtar Data Report #6

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Springer, A.M. McRoy, CP. Turco, K.R.
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:: Zooplankton Taxa, Abundance and Biomass Data; Ishtar Data Report #6
Online_Linkage: <http://science.nature.nps.gov/nrdata>
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Microsoft Excel 2003 Spreadsheet

Description:

Abstract:: Anadyr Water, a “river” of oceanic water originating over the continental slope of the Bering Sea, transports oceanic zooplankton onto the shallow northern shelf and into the Chukchi Sea through western Bering Strait. The oceanic copepods Neocalanus cristatus, N. plumchrus, Eucalanus bungii and Metridia pacifica dominated the biomass of herbivorous zooplankton in Anadyr Water on the Bering-Chukchi shelf, averaging about 5 g m−2 (dry weight) in midsummer and 2 g m−2 in later summer of 1985 and 1986. The biomass of copepods was at times augmented considerably by that of a larvacean, Oikopleura spp. Oceanic water was replaced to the east, and often overlain by, lighter water formed on the continental shelf. The oceanic species were not present in waters of shelf origin, where Calanus marshallae was the major herbivore, averaging about 1 g m−2 in summer 1985, but only 0.2–0.5 g m−2 in 1986. In the low salinity, nearshore water, C. marshallae was uncommon and Pseudocalanus spp. and Acartia longiremis predominated. A preliminary estimate indicated that in the order of 1.8 × 1012g C of boreal zooplankton were carried into the Chukchi Sea during summer 1985. On average, the grazers were unable to control prodigious diatom growth that resulted from concentrated nutrients also carried by Anadyr Water into the area. In contrast, the smaller biomass of grazers in the shelf community, away from the region of high diatom biomass, might have had a much greater influence over the standing stock of phytoplankton following the spring bloom, and, at times, could have consumed the daily primary production. The highly productive pelagic food web of oceanic origin in the north does not have close coupling between primary producers and zooplankton, or between zooplankton and their predators, and contrasts with the oceanic community in the southeastern Bering Sea, where the same species of herbivores apparently have a much greater effect on phytoplankton biomass, and provide an efficient transfer of the available fixed energy to upper trophic levels in pelagic food webs.
Purpose:: To assess species composition, abundance, distribution and biomass of zooplankton within the Bering and Chukchi Seas , 1985-1989

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20050508
Ending_Date: 20060918

Currentness_Reference: observed

Status:

Progress: Planned
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -179.85
East_Bounding_Coordinate: 176.73
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.00
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 53.42

Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Chuckchi Sea Bering Sea

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: IOOS Core Variables
Theme_Keyword: Version 1
Theme_Keyword: Biology

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: IOOS National Backbone Programs
Theme_Keyword: Version 1
Theme_Keyword: Alaska Ocean Observing System

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Core Variable Map
Theme_Keyword: Biology

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: AOOS Data Services
Theme_Keyword: dsid=ARCOD
Theme_Keyword: db=arcod
Theme_Keyword: archive=2008/0000008
Theme_Keyword: collectioncode=2008P1

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: zooplankton
Theme_Keyword: abundance
Theme_Keyword: biomass

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Arctic
Place_Keyword: Bering Sea
Place_Keyword: Chukchi Sea

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints: None

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Anthoathecatae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Aurelia aurita
Taxonomic_Keywords: Brachyura
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cirripedia
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cyanea capillata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Disacanthomysis dybowskii
Taxonomic_Keywords: Epilabidocera amphitrites
Taxonomic_Keywords: Euphausiacea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Euphysa flammea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Gymnosomata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ischyrocerus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Leptothecatae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Neocalanus cristatus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Neocalanus plumchrus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Neocrangon communis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ophiuroidea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oregoniidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Parasagitta elegans
Taxonomic_Keywords: Proboscidactyla flavicirrata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Themisto libellula
Taxonomic_Keywords: Themisto pacifica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Themisto
Taxonomic_Keywords: Acanthomysis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Acartia hudsonica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Acartia longiremis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Acartia
Taxonomic_Keywords: Acartia tumida
Taxonomic_Keywords: Aegina rosea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Aequorea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Aglantha digitale
Taxonomic_Keywords: Agonidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ammodytes hexapterus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ampelisca macrocephala
Taxonomic_Keywords: Anisogammarus pugettensis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Anomura
Taxonomic_Keywords: Anonyx
Taxonomic_Keywords: Apherusa glacialis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Argis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Asteroidea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Atelecyclidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Atylus collingi
Taxonomic_Keywords: Atylus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Balanomorpha
Taxonomic_Keywords: Bathymedon
Taxonomic_Keywords: Beroe
Taxonomic_Keywords: Bougainvillia multitentaculata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Bougainvillia superciliaris
Taxonomic_Keywords: Calanus glacialis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Calanus marshallae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Calanus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Calycopsis nematophora
Taxonomic_Keywords: Candacia columbiae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Centropages abdominalis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cephalopoda
Taxonomic_Keywords: Chionoecetes opilio
Taxonomic_Keywords: Chionoecetes
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cladocera
Taxonomic_Keywords: Clione limacina
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cnidaria
Taxonomic_Keywords: Copepoda
Taxonomic_Keywords: Coryne principes
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cottidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Crangonidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cryptoniscidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Chrysaora melanaster
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ctenophora
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cumacea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cuspidella mertensi
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cyclopteridae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cypris
Taxonomic_Keywords: Diastylis bidentata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Diastylis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Echinodermata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eirene indicans
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eucalanus bungii
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eudorellopsis deformis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eudorellopsis integra
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eudorellopsis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eukrohnia hamata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Euphausia pacifica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eurytemora pacifica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Eurytemora
Taxonomic_Keywords: Evadne
Taxonomic_Keywords: fish
Taxonomic_Keywords: Gadidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Gadus morhua
Taxonomic_Keywords: Gammaridea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Gastropoda
Taxonomic_Keywords: Grandifoxus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Harpacticus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hippolytidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hyas
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hydrozoa
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hyperia halstryx
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hyperiamedusarum
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hyperiidea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Hyperoche medusarum
Taxonomic_Keywords: Isopoda
Taxonomic_Keywords: Lamellibranch
Taxonomic_Keywords: Lamprops
Taxonomic_Keywords: Leucon
Taxonomic_Keywords: Limacina helicina
Taxonomic_Keywords: Lithodidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Lysianassidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Machaironyx muelleri
Taxonomic_Keywords: Magelonidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Melicertum campanula
Taxonomic_Keywords: Melita
Taxonomic_Keywords: Melphidippidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Meterythrops robusta
Taxonomic_Keywords: Metridia pacifica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Metridia
Taxonomic_Keywords: Microcalanus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Microsetella norvegica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Mollusca
Taxonomic_Keywords: Monoculodes
Taxonomic_Keywords: Monoculopsis longicornis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Mysis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Nebalia
Taxonomic_Keywords: Nebaliidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Nemertea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Neomysis rayii
Taxonomic_Keywords: Neomysis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Neuroptera
Taxonomic_Keywords: Obelia longissima
Taxonomic_Keywords: Octopoda
Taxonomic_Keywords: Octopus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oedicerotidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oikopleura
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oithona similis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oithona
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oithona spinirostris
Taxonomic_Keywords: Oncaea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Orchomene obtusa
Taxonomic_Keywords: Orchomene
Taxonomic_Keywords: Osteichthyes
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ostracoda
Taxonomic_Keywords: Paguridae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pandalidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pandalus goniurus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pandalus platyceros
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pandalus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pandalus tridens
Taxonomic_Keywords: Paraeuchaeta elongata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Paralithodidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Perigonimus breviconis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Perigonimus multicirratus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Perigonimus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Phacellophora camtschatica
Taxonomic_Keywords: Photis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Phoxocephalidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pleurogrammus monopterygius
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pleuronectidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pleustidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Podoceridae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Podon
Taxonomic_Keywords: Polychaeta
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pontogeneia
Taxonomic_Keywords: Primno macropa
Taxonomic_Keywords: Protomedeia
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pseudocalanus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pseudomma truncatum
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ptilichthys goodei
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ptychogena lactea
Taxonomic_Keywords: Rathkea octopunctata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Rhachotropis oculata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Rozinante fragilis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Sclerocrangon alata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Scolecithricella minor
Taxonomic_Keywords: Spionidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Loligo
Taxonomic_Keywords: Stenothoidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Stichaeidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Stomotoca atra
Taxonomic_Keywords: Synopiidae
Taxonomic_Keywords: Syrrhoe crenulata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Telmessus cheiragonus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Theragra chalcogramma
Taxonomic_Keywords: Thysanoessa inermis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Thysanoessa longipes
Taxonomic_Keywords: Thysanoessa raschii
Taxonomic_Keywords: Thysanoessa
Taxonomic_Keywords: Thysanoessa spinifera
Taxonomic_Keywords: Tiron bioculata
Taxonomic_Keywords: Tiron
Taxonomic_Keywords: Tomopteris septentrionalis
Taxonomic_Keywords: Tortanus discaudatus
Taxonomic_Keywords: Trochophore
Taxonomic_Keywords: Westwoodilla caecula
Taxonomic_Keywords: Zoarcoidei
Taxonomic_Keywords: collection
Taxonomic_Keywords: multiple species
Taxonomic_Keywords: single species
Taxonomic_Keywords: invertebrates
Taxonomic_Keywords: protists

Taxonomic_System:

Taxonomic_Procedures:: Analysis of preserved samples included identifying and counting zooplankton collected during a single tow. Samples were rinsed with water and the largest zooplankton picked out and identified. In most cases, the high number of animals in each sample precluded counting all individuals, so samples were split in half using a Folsom Plankton splitter. In some cases, the samples were split in half before larger zooplankton were picked out so one half of the sample could be archived. Samples were diluted to a total volume of 150 ml, 300 ml, or 500 ml, depending on the number of animals in each sample. Using a Stemple pipette, a sub-sample of at least 50 animals was extracted from the total volume. All the zooplankton in each sub-sample were identified and counted. The total number of animals in each total sample was calculated by multiplying by the fractions of the sub-samples and splits. To estimate biomass, individuals of some species were weighed after drying at 65 C for 18 hours and weights were corrected for an estimated 40% loss due to formalin preservation. All dry weight values used were those calculated from the key species collected.
Taxonomic_Completeness:: the following classifications were not found in ITIS and are not found within the taxonomic classification Hyperia halstryx, Lamellibranch, Paralithodidae, Trochophore and fish