Bottom character describes sediment or substrate type of the ocean floor. Whether the bottom character is rocky, sandy, or muddy it affects marine ecology. Different species depend on different habitats, and species adapt to the bottom character they inhabit. For example, eel grass (Zostera marina) is found on sandy substrates, whereas barnacles and kelp attach to a hard substrates such as rocks.
Photo: Quillback rockfish in Prince William Sound, by UAF Professor Steve Jewitt.